Search Results (26253 CVEs found)

CVE Vendors Products Updated CVSS v3.1
CVE-2022-50862 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-04-15 5.5 Medium
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: prevent decl_tag from being referenced in func_proto Syzkaller was able to hit the following issue: ------------[ cut here ]------------ WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 3609 at kernel/bpf/btf.c:1946 btf_type_id_size+0x2d5/0x9d0 kernel/bpf/btf.c:1946 Modules linked in: CPU: 0 PID: 3609 Comm: syz-executor361 Not tainted 6.0.0-syzkaller-02734-g0326074ff465 #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 09/22/2022 RIP: 0010:btf_type_id_size+0x2d5/0x9d0 kernel/bpf/btf.c:1946 Code: ef e8 7f 8e e4 ff 41 83 ff 0b 77 28 f6 44 24 10 18 75 3f e8 6d 91 e4 ff 44 89 fe bf 0e 00 00 00 e8 20 8e e4 ff e8 5b 91 e4 ff <0f> 0b 45 31 f6 e9 98 02 00 00 41 83 ff 12 74 18 e8 46 91 e4 ff 44 RSP: 0018:ffffc90003cefb40 EFLAGS: 00010293 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000002 RCX: 0000000000000000 RDX: ffff8880259c0000 RSI: ffffffff81968415 RDI: 0000000000000005 RBP: ffff88801270ca00 R08: 0000000000000005 R09: 000000000000000e R10: 0000000000000011 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 0000000000000011 R14: ffff888026ee6424 R15: 0000000000000011 FS: 000055555641b300(0000) GS:ffff8880b9a00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 0000000000f2e258 CR3: 000000007110e000 CR4: 00000000003506f0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Call Trace: <TASK> btf_func_proto_check kernel/bpf/btf.c:4447 [inline] btf_check_all_types kernel/bpf/btf.c:4723 [inline] btf_parse_type_sec kernel/bpf/btf.c:4752 [inline] btf_parse kernel/bpf/btf.c:5026 [inline] btf_new_fd+0x1926/0x1e70 kernel/bpf/btf.c:6892 bpf_btf_load kernel/bpf/syscall.c:4324 [inline] __sys_bpf+0xb7d/0x4cf0 kernel/bpf/syscall.c:5010 __do_sys_bpf kernel/bpf/syscall.c:5069 [inline] __se_sys_bpf kernel/bpf/syscall.c:5067 [inline] __x64_sys_bpf+0x75/0xb0 kernel/bpf/syscall.c:5067 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x35/0xb0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd RIP: 0033:0x7f0fbae41c69 Code: 28 c3 e8 2a 14 00 00 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 c0 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007ffc8aeb6228 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000141 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 00007f0fbae41c69 RDX: 0000000000000020 RSI: 0000000020000140 RDI: 0000000000000012 RBP: 00007f0fbae05e10 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 00000000ffffffff R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 00007f0fbae05ea0 R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000 </TASK> Looks like it tries to create a func_proto which return type is decl_tag. For the details, see Martin's spot on analysis in [0]. 0: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/CAKH8qBuQDLva_hHxxBuZzyAcYNO4ejhovz6TQeVSk8HY-2SO6g@mail.gmail.com/T/#mea6524b3fcd6298347432226e81b1e6155efc62c
CVE-2023-54177 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-04-15 5.5 Medium
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: quota: fix warning in dqgrab() There's issue as follows when do fault injection: WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 14870 at include/linux/quotaops.h:51 dquot_disable+0x13b7/0x18c0 Modules linked in: CPU: 1 PID: 14870 Comm: fsconfig Not tainted 6.3.0-next-20230505-00006-g5107a9c821af-dirty #541 RIP: 0010:dquot_disable+0x13b7/0x18c0 RSP: 0018:ffffc9000acc79e0 EFLAGS: 00010246 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: ffff88825e41b980 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: ffff88825e41b980 RDI: 0000000000000002 RBP: ffff888179f68000 R08: ffffffff82087ca7 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000001 R11: ffffed102f3ed026 R12: ffff888179f68130 R13: ffff888179f68110 R14: dffffc0000000000 R15: ffff888179f68118 FS: 00007f450a073740(0000) GS:ffff88882fc00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00007ffe96f2efd8 CR3: 000000025c8ad000 CR4: 00000000000006e0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Call Trace: <TASK> dquot_load_quota_sb+0xd53/0x1060 dquot_resume+0x172/0x230 ext4_reconfigure+0x1dc6/0x27b0 reconfigure_super+0x515/0xa90 __x64_sys_fsconfig+0xb19/0xd20 do_syscall_64+0x39/0xb0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd Above issue may happens as follows: ProcessA ProcessB ProcessC sys_fsconfig vfs_fsconfig_locked reconfigure_super ext4_remount dquot_suspend -> suspend all type quota sys_fsconfig vfs_fsconfig_locked reconfigure_super ext4_remount dquot_resume ret = dquot_load_quota_sb add_dquot_ref do_open -> open file O_RDWR vfs_open do_dentry_open get_write_access atomic_inc_unless_negative(&inode->i_writecount) ext4_file_open dquot_file_open dquot_initialize __dquot_initialize dqget atomic_inc(&dquot->dq_count); __dquot_initialize __dquot_initialize dqget if (!test_bit(DQ_ACTIVE_B, &dquot->dq_flags)) ext4_acquire_dquot -> Return error DQ_ACTIVE_B flag isn't set dquot_disable invalidate_dquots if (atomic_read(&dquot->dq_count)) dqgrab WARN_ON_ONCE(!test_bit(DQ_ACTIVE_B, &dquot->dq_flags)) -> Trigger warning In the above scenario, 'dquot->dq_flags' has no DQ_ACTIVE_B is normal when dqgrab(). To solve above issue just replace the dqgrab() use in invalidate_dquots() with atomic_inc(&dquot->dq_count).
CVE-2025-40035 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-04-15 5.5 Medium
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Input: uinput - zero-initialize uinput_ff_upload_compat to avoid info leak Struct ff_effect_compat is embedded twice inside uinput_ff_upload_compat, contains internal padding. In particular, there is a hole after struct ff_replay to satisfy alignment requirements for the following union member. Without clearing the structure, copy_to_user() may leak stack data to userspace. Initialize ff_up_compat to zero before filling valid fields.
CVE-2023-54231 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-04-15 N/A
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: libwx: fix memory leak in wx_setup_rx_resources When wx_alloc_page_pool() failed in wx_setup_rx_resources(), it doesn't release DMA buffer. Add dma_free_coherent() in the error path to release the DMA buffer.
CVE-2025-40062 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-04-15 5.5 Medium
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: crypto: hisilicon/qm - set NULL to qm->debug.qm_diff_regs When the initialization of qm->debug.acc_diff_reg fails, the probe process does not exit. However, after qm->debug.qm_diff_regs is freed, it is not set to NULL. This can lead to a double free when the remove process attempts to free it again. Therefore, qm->debug.qm_diff_regs should be set to NULL after it is freed.
CVE-2025-68290 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-04-15 N/A
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: most: usb: fix double free on late probe failure The MOST subsystem has a non-standard registration function which frees the interface on registration failures and on deregistration. This unsurprisingly leads to bugs in the MOST drivers, and a couple of recent changes turned a reference underflow and use-after-free in the USB driver into several double free and a use-after-free on late probe failures.
CVE-2022-50640 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-04-15 7.0 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mmc: core: Fix kernel panic when remove non-standard SDIO card SDIO tuple is only allocated for standard SDIO card, especially it causes memory corruption issues when the non-standard SDIO card has removed, which is because the card device's reference counter does not increase for it at sdio_init_func(), but all SDIO card device reference counter gets decreased at sdio_release_func().
CVE-2023-54287 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-04-15 5.5 Medium
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tty: serial: imx: disable Ageing Timer interrupt request irq There maybe pending USR interrupt before requesting irq, however uart_add_one_port has not executed, so there will be kernel panic: [ 0.795668] Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual addre ss 0000000000000080 [ 0.802701] Mem abort info: [ 0.805367] ESR = 0x0000000096000004 [ 0.808950] EC = 0x25: DABT (current EL), IL = 32 bits [ 0.814033] SET = 0, FnV = 0 [ 0.816950] EA = 0, S1PTW = 0 [ 0.819950] FSC = 0x04: level 0 translation fault [ 0.824617] Data abort info: [ 0.827367] ISV = 0, ISS = 0x00000004 [ 0.831033] CM = 0, WnR = 0 [ 0.833866] [0000000000000080] user address but active_mm is swapper [ 0.839951] Internal error: Oops: 0000000096000004 [#1] PREEMPT SMP [ 0.845953] Modules linked in: [ 0.848869] CPU: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 6.1.1+g56321e101aca #1 [ 0.855617] Hardware name: Freescale i.MX8MP EVK (DT) [ 0.860452] pstate: 000000c5 (nzcv daIF -PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) [ 0.867117] pc : __imx_uart_rxint.constprop.0+0x11c/0x2c0 [ 0.872283] lr : imx_uart_int+0xf8/0x1ec The issue only happends in the inmate linux when Jailhouse hypervisor enabled. The test procedure is: while true; do jailhouse enable imx8mp.cell jailhouse cell linux xxxx sleep 10 jailhouse cell destroy 1 jailhouse disable sleep 5 done And during the upper test, press keys to the 2nd linux console. When `jailhouse cell destroy 1`, the 2nd linux has no chance to put the uart to a quiese state, so USR1/2 may has pending interrupts. Then when `jailhosue cell linux xx` to start 2nd linux again, the issue trigger. In order to disable irqs before requesting them, both UCR1 and UCR2 irqs should be disabled, so here fix that, disable the Ageing Timer interrupt in UCR2 as UCR1 does.
CVE-2025-40227 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-04-15 5.5 Medium
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/damon/sysfs: dealloc commit test ctx always The damon_ctx for testing online DAMON parameters commit inputs is deallocated only when the test fails. This means memory is leaked for every successful online DAMON parameters commit. Fix the leak by always deallocating it.
CVE-2025-68357 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-04-15 5.5 Medium
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iomap: allocate s_dio_done_wq for async reads as well Since commit 222f2c7c6d14 ("iomap: always run error completions in user context"), read error completions are deferred to s_dio_done_wq. This means the workqueue also needs to be allocated for async reads.
CVE-2025-40179 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-04-15 7.0 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: verify orphan file size is not too big In principle orphan file can be arbitrarily large. However orphan replay needs to traverse it all and we also pin all its buffers in memory. Thus filesystems with absurdly large orphan files can lead to big amounts of memory consumed. Limit orphan file size to a sane value and also use kvmalloc() for allocating array of block descriptor structures to avoid large order allocations for sane but large orphan files.
CVE-2023-54299 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-04-15 5.5 Medium
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usb: typec: bus: verify partner exists in typec_altmode_attention Some usb hubs will negotiate DisplayPort Alt mode with the device but will then negotiate a data role swap after entering the alt mode. The data role swap causes the device to unregister all alt modes, however the usb hub will still send Attention messages even after failing to reregister the Alt Mode. type_altmode_attention currently does not verify whether or not a device's altmode partner exists, which results in a NULL pointer error when dereferencing the typec_altmode and typec_altmode_ops belonging to the altmode partner. Verify the presence of a device's altmode partner before sending the Attention message to the Alt Mode driver.
CVE-2023-54282 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-04-15 5.5 Medium
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: tuners: qt1010: replace BUG_ON with a regular error BUG_ON is unnecessary here, and in addition it confuses smatch. Replacing this with an error return help resolve this smatch warning: drivers/media/tuners/qt1010.c:350 qt1010_init() error: buffer overflow 'i2c_data' 34 <= 34
CVE-2023-54278 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-04-15 7.0 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: s390/vmem: split pages when debug pagealloc is enabled Since commit bb1520d581a3 ("s390/mm: start kernel with DAT enabled") the kernel crashes early during boot when debug pagealloc is enabled: mem auto-init: stack:off, heap alloc:off, heap free:off addressing exception: 0005 ilc:2 [#1] SMP DEBUG_PAGEALLOC Modules linked in: CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Not tainted 6.5.0-rc3-09759-gc5666c912155 #630 [..] Krnl Code: 00000000001325f6: ec5600248064 cgrj %r5,%r6,8,000000000013263e 00000000001325fc: eb880002000c srlg %r8,%r8,2 #0000000000132602: b2210051 ipte %r5,%r1,%r0,0 >0000000000132606: b90400d1 lgr %r13,%r1 000000000013260a: 41605008 la %r6,8(%r5) 000000000013260e: a7db1000 aghi %r13,4096 0000000000132612: b221006d ipte %r6,%r13,%r0,0 0000000000132616: e3d0d0000171 lay %r13,4096(%r13) Call Trace: __kernel_map_pages+0x14e/0x320 __free_pages_ok+0x23a/0x5a8) free_low_memory_core_early+0x214/0x2c8 memblock_free_all+0x28/0x58 mem_init+0xb6/0x228 mm_core_init+0xb6/0x3b0 start_kernel+0x1d2/0x5a8 startup_continue+0x36/0x40 Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception: panic_on_oops This is caused by using large mappings on machines with EDAT1/EDAT2. Add the code to split the mappings into 4k pages if debug pagealloc is enabled by CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC_ENABLE_DEFAULT or the debug_pagealloc kernel command line option.
CVE-2023-54277 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-04-15 N/A
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fbdev: udlfb: Fix endpoint check The syzbot fuzzer detected a problem in the udlfb driver, caused by an endpoint not having the expected type: usb 1-1: Read EDID byte 0 failed: -71 usb 1-1: Unable to get valid EDID from device/display ------------[ cut here ]------------ usb 1-1: BOGUS urb xfer, pipe 3 != type 1 WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 9 at drivers/usb/core/urb.c:504 usb_submit_urb+0xed6/0x1880 drivers/usb/core/urb.c:504 Modules linked in: CPU: 0 PID: 9 Comm: kworker/0:1 Not tainted 6.4.0-rc1-syzkaller-00016-ga4422ff22142 #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 04/28/2023 Workqueue: usb_hub_wq hub_event RIP: 0010:usb_submit_urb+0xed6/0x1880 drivers/usb/core/urb.c:504 ... Call Trace: <TASK> dlfb_submit_urb+0x92/0x180 drivers/video/fbdev/udlfb.c:1980 dlfb_set_video_mode+0x21f0/0x2950 drivers/video/fbdev/udlfb.c:315 dlfb_ops_set_par+0x2a7/0x8d0 drivers/video/fbdev/udlfb.c:1111 dlfb_usb_probe+0x149a/0x2710 drivers/video/fbdev/udlfb.c:1743 The current approach for this issue failed to catch the problem because it only checks for the existence of a bulk-OUT endpoint; it doesn't check whether this endpoint is the one that the driver will actually use. We can fix the problem by instead checking that the endpoint used by the driver does exist and is bulk-OUT.
CVE-2023-54276 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-04-15 7.0 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nfsd: move init of percpu reply_cache_stats counters back to nfsd_init_net Commit f5f9d4a314da ("nfsd: move reply cache initialization into nfsd startup") moved the initialization of the reply cache into nfsd startup, but didn't account for the stats counters, which can be accessed before nfsd is ever started. The result can be a NULL pointer dereference when someone accesses /proc/fs/nfsd/reply_cache_stats while nfsd is still shut down. This is a regression and a user-triggerable oops in the right situation: - non-x86_64 arch - /proc/fs/nfsd is mounted in the namespace - nfsd is not started in the namespace - unprivileged user calls "cat /proc/fs/nfsd/reply_cache_stats" Although this is easy to trigger on some arches (like aarch64), on x86_64, calling this_cpu_ptr(NULL) evidently returns a pointer to the fixed_percpu_data. That struct looks just enough like a newly initialized percpu var to allow nfsd_reply_cache_stats_show to access it without Oopsing. Move the initialization of the per-net+per-cpu reply-cache counters back into nfsd_init_net, while leaving the rest of the reply cache allocations to be done at nfsd startup time. Kudos to Eirik who did most of the legwork to track this down.
CVE-2023-54236 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-04-15 7.0 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/net_failover: fix txq exceeding warning The failover txq is inited as 16 queues. when a packet is transmitted from the failover device firstly, the failover device will select the queue which is returned from the primary device if the primary device is UP and running. If the primary device txq is bigger than the default 16, it can lead to the following warning: eth0 selects TX queue 18, but real number of TX queues is 16 The warning backtrace is: [ 32.146376] CPU: 18 PID: 9134 Comm: chronyd Tainted: G E 6.2.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64 #1 [ 32.147175] Hardware name: Red Hat KVM, BIOS 1.10.2-3.el7_4.1 04/01/2014 [ 32.147730] Call Trace: [ 32.147971] <TASK> [ 32.148183] dump_stack_lvl+0x48/0x70 [ 32.148514] dump_stack+0x10/0x20 [ 32.148820] netdev_core_pick_tx+0xb1/0xe0 [ 32.149180] __dev_queue_xmit+0x529/0xcf0 [ 32.149533] ? __check_object_size.part.0+0x21c/0x2c0 [ 32.149967] ip_finish_output2+0x278/0x560 [ 32.150327] __ip_finish_output+0x1fe/0x2f0 [ 32.150690] ip_finish_output+0x2a/0xd0 [ 32.151032] ip_output+0x7a/0x110 [ 32.151337] ? __pfx_ip_finish_output+0x10/0x10 [ 32.151733] ip_local_out+0x5e/0x70 [ 32.152054] ip_send_skb+0x19/0x50 [ 32.152366] udp_send_skb.isra.0+0x163/0x3a0 [ 32.152736] udp_sendmsg+0xba8/0xec0 [ 32.153060] ? __folio_memcg_unlock+0x25/0x60 [ 32.153445] ? __pfx_ip_generic_getfrag+0x10/0x10 [ 32.153854] ? sock_has_perm+0x85/0xa0 [ 32.154190] inet_sendmsg+0x6d/0x80 [ 32.154508] ? inet_sendmsg+0x6d/0x80 [ 32.154838] sock_sendmsg+0x62/0x70 [ 32.155152] ____sys_sendmsg+0x134/0x290 [ 32.155499] ___sys_sendmsg+0x81/0xc0 [ 32.155828] ? _get_random_bytes.part.0+0x79/0x1a0 [ 32.156240] ? ip4_datagram_release_cb+0x5f/0x1e0 [ 32.156649] ? get_random_u16+0x69/0xf0 [ 32.156989] ? __fget_light+0xcf/0x110 [ 32.157326] __sys_sendmmsg+0xc4/0x210 [ 32.157657] ? __sys_connect+0xb7/0xe0 [ 32.157995] ? __audit_syscall_entry+0xce/0x140 [ 32.158388] ? syscall_trace_enter.isra.0+0x12c/0x1a0 [ 32.158820] __x64_sys_sendmmsg+0x24/0x30 [ 32.159171] do_syscall_64+0x38/0x90 [ 32.159493] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x72/0xdc Fix that by reducing txq number as the non-existent primary-dev does.
CVE-2023-54232 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-04-15 N/A
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: m68k: Only force 030 bus error if PC not in exception table __get_kernel_nofault() does copy data in supervisor mode when forcing a task backtrace log through /proc/sysrq_trigger. This is expected cause a bus error exception on e.g. NULL pointer dereferencing when logging a kernel task has no workqueue associated. This bus error ought to be ignored. Our 030 bus error handler is ill equipped to deal with this: Whenever ssw indicates a kernel mode access on a data fault, we don't even attempt to handle the fault and instead always send a SEGV signal (or panic). As a result, the check for exception handling at the fault PC (buried in send_sig_fault() which gets called from do_page_fault() eventually) is never used. In contrast, both 040 and 060 access error handlers do not care whether a fault happened on supervisor mode access, and will call do_page_fault() on those, ultimately honoring the exception table. Add a check in bus_error030 to call do_page_fault() in case we do have an entry for the fault PC in our exception table. I had attempted a fix for this earlier in 2019 that did rely on testing pagefault_disabled() (see link below) to achieve the same thing, but this patch should be more generic. Tested on 030 Atari Falcon.
CVE-2023-54190 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-04-15 5.5 Medium
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: leds: led-core: Fix refcount leak in of_led_get() class_find_device_by_of_node() calls class_find_device(), it will take the reference, use the put_device() to drop the reference when not need anymore.
CVE-2023-54188 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-04-15 N/A
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dmaengine: apple-admac: Fix 'current_tx' not getting freed In terminate_all we should queue up all submitted descriptors to be freed. We do that for the content of the 'issued' and 'submitted' lists, but the 'current_tx' descriptor falls through the cracks as it's removed from the 'issued' list once it gets assigned to be the current descriptor. Explicitly queue up freeing of the 'current_tx' descriptor to address a memory leak that is otherwise present.